音樂美文視頻
發(fā)布時間:2017-02-10 來源: 美文摘抄 點擊:
音樂美文視頻篇一:優(yōu)秀散文集 唯美古風(fēng)篇
莫道不銷魂,何以念深深
獨行獨坐,念春日千里絲雨,凝眸處,煙柳青青,無聲覓得幾許新愁?冷冷清清,凄凄切切,良辰好景孤身一人,思如潮涌,再難降息。
憶初見,暖風(fēng)襲面,恰七月初荷含露,別樣清雅。歲月風(fēng)煙里,與君琴瑟在御,花開嫣然。詞林詩韻中,漫倚西樓,執(zhí)手望盡十里翠微。閑池閣畔,落英繽紛間共舞霓裳,拈花一笑醉流年。
春如舊,梨花杏雨中思故人。姹紫嫣紅看遍,君影依稀,似夢迷離。只嘆唯有魂夢能再遇,堪嘆夢不由人做,情深情淺終是殊途。惜春最怕無情雨,偏偏逆風(fēng)不解意,容易愈摧殘。
滄桑如雪,無聲滲透鬢角。如今憔悴,閑賦愁詞一闕。傷別離不堪談及薄幸,念往昔難抑滾滾柔情。檐角飛雨一絲絲,兩頰清淚一行行。
情來情往,緣起緣滅。誰能看清,誰能悟透,誰能云淡風(fēng)輕的放下,誰能淺笑嫣然不留一絲執(zhí)著?蒹葭蒼蒼,故人已如鏡花水月,茫茫不知在水何方。脈脈此情,清風(fēng)寡月,寂夜輾轉(zhuǎn)顧影自傾。
折梨花爛漫,驟雨清明,唯綺夢難醒。那年眉眼帶春,嘴角含俏,嬌若朝霞,只因面君。然山盟猶在,情已無蹤,縱有千千濃情蜜意,錦書已然難托。
閑愁最苦,一室孤獨。嘆春花荼蘼卻未解半點愁心,嘆諸子百家經(jīng)文無數(shù)卻桎梏姻緣自由,嘆春花難遇秋月,嘆夏荷窺不見冷秋。
都說少年文章錦繡,誰知新詞舊賦,字字句句皆春愁。都說少年不應(yīng)知愁,誰明風(fēng)花雪月,孤影獨酌寒如秋。
青青子衿,何處安放我等癡心。月影陰晴,悲歡離合總是無情。去年花謝,今年花開。光陰荏苒,埋汰了朱顏,沖淡了情緣,薄涼了癡念。醉魂已難逐凌波夢,是非情愛一場空。
問世間情為何物,直叫人滿心躊躇。濃情繾綣一出戲,一步天涯,一步海角。戲里霜花,戲里風(fēng)雨,都是一角天地的煩惱。只情節(jié)太銷魂,出戲淺,入戲深。一種凄涼,十分憔悴,都是執(zhí)著。
曼憶從前,青衣少年,眼波流轉(zhuǎn),流光溢彩,皆是柔情。只如今斷盡愁腸,又有誰憐惜?淚沒雙頰,又有誰來相拭?
莫道不銷魂,何以念深深?往事夢魘已成過去,人卻深陷難以覺醒。每一寸相思惆悵,都交織成無言片段,在腦?M回。若人生只如初見,是否就會歲月靜好,少了這春日諸般憂愁。只是人生又何來如果,情來緣逝,自此,一生無解...
一箋素語,落筆流年
鋪一張素箋,與靜謐悠緩的音樂聲里書寫雜亂心事,以此記錄流年。
————題記
白落梅說:?時光是一面鏡子,坐于鏡前,可以看到一生變幻的容顏,經(jīng)歷的路程,走過的人流,發(fā)生的故事。只是你無從更改,只能看著,看著,直到鏡中的影像模糊不清。直到有一天,再也不存在了。?時光如繡,歲月結(jié)繭。記憶里所認(rèn)為應(yīng)當(dāng)?shù)拿篮,與現(xiàn)實總是南轅北轍。
小的時候,總會覺得日子太緩慢,總期待自己可以長大,至少長到可以擁有一份屬于自己的塵世緣?烧娴拈L大了,卻覺得流年似水,只一個轉(zhuǎn)身,就遠(yuǎn)離那個純真多夢的年代,開始也為了生活而奔忙于紅塵深處。或許再老一些,仿佛一夜之間就滿頭白發(fā),而回首過往,就像劃過一根火柴,只消剎那,便將一生的光陰給燃燒盡。
緣是什么?緣是十字路口的相逢,是紅塵陌上的牽手;緣是萬朵春花一齊綻放,是兩枚秋葉一起下落;緣是山和水的對話,是日與月的交集。在茫茫人海中相遇相識就是緣,在煙塵中流散卻沒有忘記就是緣。相遇,是一種幸福的劫難,也是一種錯誤的美麗。相忘,是的一段迷惘的開始,也是一段清澈的結(jié)局。
緣分真的好奇妙,并非是中了緣分這兩個字的蠱,所以才這樣不厭其煩地談?wù)撆c訴說。只是每當(dāng)提及感情,或是誰與誰的相遇,誰又與誰的相
戀,總是會與緣分糾纏不清。有緣的人,無論相隔千萬之遙,終會聚在一起,攜手紅塵。無緣的人,縱是近在咫尺,也恍如陌路,無份相牽。
我們總是會被突如其來的緣分砸傷,把這些當(dāng)作是生活中不可缺少的主題。有些緣分,只是南柯一夢,瞬間的消逝,便成了萍蹤過往。有些緣分,卻落地生根,扎進(jìn)了你的生命中,從此糾纏不清。
邂逅一個人,只需片刻,愛上一個人,往往會是一生。萍水相逢不是過錯,天荒地老也并非完美。曾幾何時,我們做了那最柔情的人,為一朵花低眉,為一片云駐足,為一滴雨感動。曾經(jīng)有過約定,攜手戲人間,可終究還是在茫然的歲月中,彼此失散了。曾經(jīng)多少刻骨的愛戀,都被我們一一掃落塵埃。是有人在岔路口,禁不住百媚千紅的誘惑,不由自主地匆匆轉(zhuǎn)彎,拋下當(dāng)年不離不棄的誓約,忘卻過往千恩萬寵的時光,就這么決然轉(zhuǎn)身,轉(zhuǎn)身……
近些年我喜歡上兩個字——惜緣。總覺得,人與人相識,是多么的不容易。所以我們都應(yīng)當(dāng)懂得珍惜,任何的傷害與錯過,都不值得原諒?v然如此,一路行來,我還是與許多緣分擦肩,所擁有的,也漸次失去。并非因為不懂珍惜,有些緣分,注定了長短。來時如露,去時如電,挽不住的,終究是那剎那芳華。
我想,人與人之間,應(yīng)該淡然相處,細(xì)水長流才能讓緣分維持得久遠(yuǎn)。太過濃烈,總是會生出大悲大喜,而讓緣分在短暫的時光里就終止。如若每個人都安靜地存在,不爭艷,不奪色,不求名,不為利,沉靜而善良。
這世上,是否就不會有紛擾,不會有爭斗。而人們就可以安寧度日,靜守流年里簡約的幸福。
或許生命里所有的相遇,都是過客與過客的交替,就算當(dāng)初不錯過,死生之后,終究也還是要失去。從何時開始,我們都做了那株叫獨活的植物,在屬于自己的河岸遙望別人的煙火。獨自荒蕪地行走,卑微地堅守自己的信念,卻還是根植在異鄉(xiāng)的塵土里。流年日深,到后來甚至連自己的故鄉(xiāng)在哪里都忘了,忘了自己從何處而來,又將行至何處。
有時候,佇立在摩肩擦踵的人流中,心底會涌出莫名的感動。覺得人的一生多么不易,我們應(yīng)該為這些鮮活的生命而感到溫暖,為凡間彌漫的煙火感到幸福。也許有一天,我們都會離開,都將后會無期。既知如此,又何忍為一些微小的錯過,做出深刻的傷害?何忍為一個回不去的曾經(jīng),做出悲情的沉迷。
走過多少春去秋來,始終無法丈量紅塵的路程到底有多遠(yuǎn)。時光一直追趕,從岸的這邊,趕至那條阡陌。
歲月總是太過匆忙,往事已不知,蒙上了幾多風(fēng)霜。而我一如從前,擁有這淡淡妝容。不是流光多情地將我照料,而是看過凡塵來往,我早已學(xué)會了相忘。如果說追憶注定只是悵惘,我又何必再為遠(yuǎn)去的昨天神傷。守著一剪月光的清涼,在平靜的日子里,我真的安然無恙。
音樂美文視頻篇二:推薦美文40篇
>01 The Language of Music
A painter hangs his or her finished picture on a wall, and everyone can see it. A composer writes a work, but no one can hear it until it is performed. Professional singers and players have great responsibilities, for the composer is utterly dependent on them. A student of music needs as long and as arduous a training to become a performer as a medical student needs to become a doctor. Most training is concerned with technique, for musicians have to have the muscular proficiency of an athlete or a ballet dancer. Singers practice breathing every day, as their vocal chords would be inadequate without controlled muscular support. String players practice moving the fingers of the left hand up and down, while drawing the bow to and fro with the right arm -- two entirely different movements.
Singers and instrumentalists have to be able to get every note perfectly in tune. Pianists are spared this particular anxiety, for the notes are already there, waiting for them, and it is the piano tuner's responsibility to tune the instrument for them. But they have their own difficulties: the hammers that hit the strings have to be coaxed not to sound like percussion, and each overlapping tone has to sound clear.
This problem of getting clear texture is one that confronts student conductors: they have to learn to know every note of the music and how it should sound, and they have to aim at controlling these sounds with fanatical but selfless authority. Technique is of no use unless it is combined with musical knowledge and understanding. Great artists are those who are so thoroughly at home in the language of music that they can enjoy performing works written in any century.
01 音樂的語言
畫家將已完成的作品掛在墻上,每個人都可以觀賞到。作曲家寫完了一部作品,得由演奏者將其演奏出來,其他人才能得以欣賞。因為作曲家是如此完全地依賴于職業(yè)歌手和職業(yè)演奏者,所以職業(yè)歌手和職業(yè)演奏者肩上的擔(dān)子可謂不輕。
一名學(xué)音樂的學(xué)生要想成為一名演奏者,需要經(jīng)受長期的、嚴(yán)格的訓(xùn)練,就象一名醫(yī)科的學(xué)生要成為一名醫(yī)生一樣。絕大多數(shù)的訓(xùn)練是技巧性的。音樂家們控制肌肉的熟練程度,必須達(dá)到與運(yùn)動員或巴蕾舞演員相當(dāng)?shù)乃。歌手們每天都練?xí)吊嗓子,因為如果不能有效地控制肌肉的話,他們的聲帶將不能滿足演唱的要求。弦樂器的演奏者練習(xí)的則是在左手的手指上下滑動的同時,用右手前后拉動琴弓--兩個截然不同的動作。歌手和樂器演奏者必須使所有的音符完全相同協(xié)調(diào)。鋼琴家們則不用操這份心,因為每個音符都已在那里等待著他們了。
給鋼琴調(diào)音是調(diào)音師的職責(zé)。但調(diào)音師們也有他們的難處:他們必須耐心地調(diào)理敲擊琴弦的音錘,不能讓音錘發(fā)出的聲音象是打擊樂器,而且每個交疊的音都必須要清晰。如何得到樂章清晰的紋理 是學(xué)生指揮們所面臨的難題:他們必須學(xué)會了解音樂中的每一個音及其發(fā)音之道。他們還 必須致力于以熱忱而又客觀的權(quán)威去控制這些音符。除非是和音樂方面的知識和悟性結(jié)合起來,單純的技巧沒有任何用處。藝術(shù)家之所以偉大在于他們對音樂語言駕輕就熟,以致于可以滿懷喜悅地演出寫于任何時代的作品。
>02 Schooling and Education
It is commonly believed in the United States that school is where people go to get an education. Nevertheless, it has been said that today children interrupt their education to go to school. The distinction between schooling and education implied by this remark is important.
Education is much more open-ended and all-inclusive than schooling. Education knows no bounds. It can take place anywhere, whether in the shower or in the job, whether in a kitchen or on a tractor. It includes both the formal learning that takes place in schools and the whole universe of informal learning. The agents of education can range from a revered grandparent to the people debating politics on the radio, from a child to a distinguished scientist.
Whereas schooling has a certain predictability, education quite often produces surprises. A chance conversation with a stranger may lead a person to discover how little is known of other religions. People are engaged in education from infancy on. Education, then, is a very broad, inclusive term. It is a lifelong process, a process that starts long before the start of school, and one that should be an integral part of one's entire life. Schooling, on the other hand, is a specific, formalized process, whose general pattern varies little from one setting to the next.
Throughout a country, children arrive at school at approximately the same time, take assigned seats, are taught by an adult, use similar textbooks, do homework, take exams, and so on. The slices of reality that are to be learned, whether they are the alphabet or an understanding of the workings of government, have usually been limited by the boundaries of the subject being taught. For example, high school students know that they are not likely to find out in their classes the truth about political problems in their communities or what the newest filmmakers are experimenting with.
There are definite conditions surrounding the formalized process of schooling.
上學(xué)與受教育
在美國,人們通常認(rèn)為上學(xué)是為了受教育。而現(xiàn)在卻有人認(rèn)為孩子們上學(xué)打斷了他們受教育的過程。這種觀念中的上學(xué)與受教育之間的區(qū)別非常重要。
與上學(xué)相比,教育更具開放性,內(nèi)容更廣泛。教育不受任何限制。它可以在任何場合下進(jìn)行,在淋浴時,在工作時,在廚房里或拖拉機(jī)上。它既包括在學(xué)校所受的正規(guī)教育,也包括一切非正規(guī)教育。傳授知識的人可以是德高望重的老者,可以是收音機(jī)里進(jìn)行政治辯論的人們,可以是小孩子,也可以是知名的科學(xué)家。上學(xué)讀書多少有點可預(yù)見性,而教育往往能帶來意外的發(fā)現(xiàn)。與陌生人的一次隨意談話可能會使人認(rèn)識到自己對其它宗教其實所知甚少。人們從幼時起就開始受教育。因此,教育是一個內(nèi)涵很豐富的詞,它自始至終伴隨人的一生,早在人們上學(xué)之前就開始了。
教育應(yīng)成為人生命中不可缺少的一部分。然而,上學(xué)卻是一個特定的形式化了的過程。在不同場合下,它的基本形式大同小異。在全國各地,孩子們幾乎在同一時刻到達(dá)學(xué)校,坐在指定的座位上,由一位成年人傳授知識,使用大致相同的教材,做作業(yè),考試等等。
他們所學(xué)的現(xiàn)實生活中的一些片斷,如字母表或政府的運(yùn)作,往往受到科目范 圍的限制。 例如,高中生們知道,在課堂上他們沒法弄清楚他們社區(qū)里政治問題的真情,也不會了解到最新潮的電影制片人在做哪些嘗試。學(xué)校教育這一形式化的過程是有特定的限制的。
>03 The Definition of "Price"
Prices determine how resources are to be used. They are also the means by which products and services that are in limited supply are rationed among buyers. The price system of the United States is a complex network composed of the prices of all the products bought and sold in the economy as well as those of a myriad of services, includinglabor, professional, transportation, and public-utility services. The interrelationships of all these prices make up the"system" of prices. The price of any particular product or service is linked to a broad, complicated system of prices in which everything seems to depend more or less upon everything else. If one were to ask a group of randomly selected individuals to define "price", many would reply that price is an amount of money paid by the buyer to the seller of a product or service or, in other words, that price is the money value of a product or service as agreed upon in a market transaction. This definition is, of course, valid as far as it goes. For a complete understanding of a price in any particular transaction, much more than the amount of money involved must be known. Both the buyer and the seller should be familiar with not only the money amount, but with the amount and quality of the product or service to be exchanged, the time and place at which the exchange will take place and payment will be made, the form of money to be used, the credit terms and discounts that apply to the transaction, guarantees on the product or service, delivery terms, return privileges, and other factors. In other words, both buyer and seller should be fully aware of all the factors that comprise the total "package" being exchanged for the asked-for amount of money in order that they may evaluate a given price.
"價格"的定義 價格決定資源的使用方式。價格也是有限的產(chǎn)品與服務(wù)在買方中的配給手段。美國的價格系統(tǒng)是復(fù)雜的網(wǎng)狀系統(tǒng),包括經(jīng)濟(jì)生活中一切產(chǎn)品買賣的價格,也包括名目繁多的各種服務(wù),諸如勞動力、專職人員、交通運(yùn)輸、公共事業(yè)等服務(wù)的價格。
所有這些價格的內(nèi)在聯(lián)系構(gòu)成了價格系統(tǒng)。任何一種個別產(chǎn)品或服務(wù)的價格都與這個龐大而復(fù)雜的系統(tǒng)密切相關(guān),而且或多或少地受到系統(tǒng)中其它成份的制約。如果隨機(jī)挑選一群人,問問他們?nèi)绾味x"價格",許多人會回答價格就是根據(jù)賣方提供的產(chǎn)品或服務(wù),買方向其付出的錢數(shù)。 換句話說,價格就是市場交易中大家認(rèn)同的產(chǎn)品或服務(wù)的貨幣量。該定義就其本身來說自有其道理。
但要獲得對價格在任何一樁交易中的完整認(rèn)識,就必須考慮到大量" 非貨幣"因素的影響。買賣雙方不但要清楚交易中的錢數(shù),而且要非常熟悉交易物的質(zhì)量和數(shù)量,交易的時間、地點,采用哪種形式付款,有怎樣的緩付和優(yōu)惠,對交易物的質(zhì)量保證、交貨條款、退賠權(quán)利等等。也就是說,為了能估算索價,買賣雙方必須通曉構(gòu)成交易物價格的通盤細(xì)節(jié)。
>04 Electricity
The modern age is an age of electricity. People are so used to electric lights, radio, televisions, and telephones that it is hard to imagine what life would be like without them. When there is a power failure, people grope about in flickering candlelight, cars hesitate in the streets because there are no traffic lights to guide them, and food spoils in silent refrigerators.
Yet, people began to understand how electricity works only a little more than two centuries ago. Nature has apparently been experimenting in this field for millions of years. Scientists are discovering more and more that the living world may hold many interesting secrets of electricity that could benefit humanity.
All living cells send out tiny pulses of electricity. As the heart beats, it sends out pulses of record; they form an electrocardiogram, which a doctor can study to determine how well the heart is working. The brain, too, sends out brain waves of electricity, which can be recorded in an electroencephalogram. The electric currents generated by most living cells are extremely small -- often so small that sensitive instruments are needed to record them. But in some animals, certain muscle cells have become so specialized as electrical generators that they do not work as muscle cells at all. When large numbers of these cells are linked together, the effects can be astonishing.
The electric eel is an amazing storage battery. It can send a jolt of as much as eight hundred volts of electricity through the water in which it lives. (An electric house current is only one hundred twenty volts.) As many as four-fifths of all the cells in the electric eel's body are specialized for generating electricity, and the strength of the shock it
can deliver corresponds roughly to the length of its body.
電 當(dāng)今時代是電氣時代。人們對電燈、收音機(jī)、電視和電話早已司空見慣以致很難想 象沒有它們生活會變成什么樣。當(dāng)停電時,人們在搖曳不定的燭光下暗中摸索;因沒有紅綠燈的指示,汽車在道路上遲疑不前;冰箱也停止工作,導(dǎo)致食物變質(zhì)。人們只是在兩個世紀(jì)前一點才開始了解電的使用原理,自然界卻顯然在這方面經(jīng)歷過了數(shù)百萬年?茖W(xué)家不斷發(fā)現(xiàn)許多生物世界里可能有益于人類的關(guān)于電的有趣秘密。所有生物細(xì)胞都會發(fā)出微小的電脈沖。 當(dāng)心臟跳動時,把它發(fā)出的脈沖記錄下來就成了心電圖,這可讓醫(yī)生了解心臟的工作狀況。大腦也發(fā)出腦電波,這可在腦電圖上記錄下來。
許多生物細(xì)胞發(fā)出的電流都是極微小的,小到要用靈敏儀器才能記錄和測量。但一些動物的某些肌肉細(xì)胞能轉(zhuǎn)化成一個個發(fā)電機(jī),以致完全失去肌肉細(xì)胞的功能。
這種細(xì)胞大量地連接在一起時產(chǎn)生的效果將是非常令人吃驚的。電鰻就是一種令人驚異的蓄電池。它可以在水中發(fā)出相當(dāng)于 800 伏特電壓電流(家庭用戶的電壓只有 120 伏特)。 在電鰻的身體里,多至五分之四的細(xì)胞都專門用來發(fā)電,而且發(fā)出的電流的強(qiáng)度大約和它身體的長度成正比。
>05 The Beginning of Drama
There are many theories about the beginning of drama in ancient Greece.
The one most widely accepted today is based on(轉(zhuǎn) 載于:m.91mayou.com 蒲公 英文摘:音樂美文視頻) the assumption that drama evolved from ritual. The argument for this view goes as follows. In the beginning, human beings viewed the natural forces of the world - even the seasonal changes - as unpredictable, and they sought through various means to control these unknown and feared powers. Those measureswhich appeared to bring the desired results were then retained and repeated until they hardened into fixed rituals. Eventually stories arose which explained or veiled the mysteries of the rites. As time passed some rituals were abandoned, but the stories, later called myths, persisted and provided material for art and drama.
Those who believe that drama evolved out of ritual also argue that those rites contained the seed of theater becausemusic, dance, masks, and costumes were almost always used. Furthermore, a suitable site had to be provided for performances and when the entire community did not participate, a clear division was usually made between the"acting area" and the"auditorium." In addition, there were performers, and, since considerable importance was attached to avoiding mistakes in the enactment of rites, religious leaders usually assumed that task. Wearing masks and costumes, they often impersonated other people, animals, or supernatural beings, and mimed the desired effect -- success in hunt or battle, the coming rain, the revival of the Sun -- as an actor might.
Eventually such dramatic representations were separated from religious activities.
Another theory traces the theater's origin from the human interest in storytelling. According to this view tales (about the hunt, war, or other feats) are gradually elaborated, at first through the use of impersonation, action, and dialogue by a narrator and then through the assumption of each of the roles by a different person. A closely related theory traces theater to those dances that are primarily rhythmical and gymnastic or that are imitations of animal movements and sounds.
戲劇的起源 關(guān)于古希臘戲劇的起源存在著多種理論,其中一個最普遍為人接受的理論假設(shè)認(rèn)為戲劇從儀式演化而來。 這個觀點是這樣進(jìn)行論證的:一開始,人類把世界上的自 然力量,甚至季節(jié)的變化都看成是不可預(yù)料的。 他們試圖通過各種方式去控制這些未知的、令人恐懼的力量。 那些似乎帶來了滿意結(jié)果的手段就被保留下來并且重復(fù)直到這些手段固化為不變的儀式,最后產(chǎn)生了能夠解釋或者掩蓋這些儀式神秘性的故事。 隨著時間的推移, 一些儀式被廢棄了,但這些后來被稱作神話的故事流傳下來并且為藝術(shù)和戲劇提供了素材。認(rèn)為戲劇從儀式演化而來的人們還認(rèn)為那些儀式包含了戲劇的基本因素,因為音樂、舞蹈、面具和服裝幾乎經(jīng)常被使用,而且,必須為演出提供一個合適的地點;如果不是整個社區(qū)共 同參加演出,經(jīng)常在"演出區(qū)"和"觀眾席"之間劃分出明顯的分界。
另外,儀式中還有演員, 而且宗教領(lǐng)袖通常承擔(dān)演出任務(wù),因為在儀式的執(zhí)行中避免錯誤的發(fā)生被認(rèn)為有相當(dāng)
大的重 要性;他們經(jīng)常帶著面具,穿著服裝象演員那樣扮演其它人、動物或超自然的生靈,用動作來表演以達(dá)到所需要的效果,比如打獵的成功或戰(zhàn)斗的勝利、將至的雨、太陽的復(fù)活。最后這些戲劇性的表演從宗教活動中分離了出來。
另一個追溯戲劇起源的理論認(rèn)為它來自人們對敘述故事的興趣。 根據(jù)這個觀點,故事(關(guān)于狩獵、戰(zhàn)爭或者其它偉績)是逐漸豐富起 來的。
首先通過一個講解人來運(yùn)用模仿、表演和對話,然后再由不同的人扮演各自的角色;另一個與之緊密相關(guān)的理論將戲劇的起源追溯至舞蹈,這些舞蹈大體上是有節(jié)奏感的和體操式的那一類,或者是對動物動作和聲音的模仿。 >06 Television
Television -- the most pervasive and persuasive of modern technologies, marked by rapid change and growth -- is moving into a new era, an era of extraordinary sophistication and versatility, which promises to reshape our lives and our world. It is an electronic revolution of sorts, made possible by the marriage of television and computer technologies.The word "television", derived from its Greek (tele: distant) and Latin (visio: sight) roots, can literally be interpreted as sight from a distance. Very simply put, it works in this way: through a sophisticated system of electronics, television provides the capability of converting an image(focused on a special photoconductive plate within a camera) into electronic impulses, which can be sent through a wire or cable. These impulses, when fed into a receiver (television set), can then be electronically reconstituted into that same image.
Television is more than just an electronic system, however. It is a means of expression, as well as a vehicle for communication, and as such becomes a powerful tool for reaching other human beings.
The field of television can be divided into two categories determined by its means of transmission. First, there is broadcast television, which reaches the masses through broad-based airwave transmission of television signals.Second, there is nonbroadcast television, which provides for the needs of individuals or specific interest groups through controlled transmission techniques.
Traditionally, television has been a medium of the masses. We are most familiar with broadcast television because it has been with us for about thirty-seven years in a form similar to what exists today. During those years, it has been controlled, for the most part, by the broadcast networks, ABC, NBC, and CBS, who have been the major purveyors of news, information, and entertainment. These giants of broadcasting have actually shaped not only television but our perception of it as well. We have come to look upon the picture tube as a source of entertainment, placing our role in this dynamic medium as the passive viewer.
電視電視--以快速變化與發(fā)展為標(biāo)志的最普遍、最具有影響力的一項現(xiàn)代技術(shù),正在步入一個極端復(fù)雜化與多樣化的新時代。
這個時代承諾重新塑造我們的生活和我們的世界。這可以稱得上是又一次電子革命,其關(guān)鍵在于電視技術(shù)與計算機(jī)技術(shù)的結(jié)合。"電視"這個詞 來源于希臘語詞根(tele:遠(yuǎn))和拉丁語詞根(vision:景象),可以從字面上理解為來自遠(yuǎn)處的 景象。
簡單說來,電視是以這種方式工作的,通過一個復(fù)雜的電子系統(tǒng),電視能夠?qū)⒁环鶊D像(這幅圖像被聚焦在一部攝像機(jī)內(nèi)的一塊特殊的光導(dǎo)底片上)轉(zhuǎn)換成能經(jīng)過導(dǎo)線或電纜發(fā)送出去的電子脈沖信號。
當(dāng)這些電子脈沖信號被輸入一部接收機(jī)(電視機(jī))時,就可以用 電子學(xué)的方法把脈沖信號重新恢復(fù)成同一幅圖像。但是,電視不僅僅是一個電子系統(tǒng),它還是一種表達(dá)工具和傳播渠道。因此,電視成了一個對其他人發(fā)生影響的強(qiáng)大工具。電視這個領(lǐng)域可以根據(jù)其發(fā)射方式分為兩類。
第一類為廣播電視,通過電視信號的寬帶無線電波 發(fā)射展現(xiàn)在大眾面前;第二類為非廣播電視,使用受控的發(fā)射技術(shù)來滿足個人以及某些特殊利益群體的需要。電視早已成為大眾媒介。我們熟悉廣播電視,因為廣播電視已經(jīng)以類似目前的方式存在了大約37 年。
在那些年頭中,電視絕大部分一直由 ABC、NBC、CBS 這些廣播電視公司控制著,這些廣播電視公司一直是新聞、信息和娛樂的主要提供者。 這些廣播業(yè)的巨頭實際上不僅塑造了電視,而且也塑造了我們對電視的理解。 我們漸漸把顯像管看作是娛樂的來源,讓自己成為這個生動的媒介的被動觀眾。
>07 Andrew Carnegie
Andrew Carnegie, known as the King of Steel, built the steel industry in the United States, and, in the process, became one of the wealthiest men in America. His success resulted in part from his ability to sell the product and in part from his policy of expanding during periods of economic decline, when most of his competitors were reducing their investments.Carnegie believed that individuals should progress through hard work, but he also felt strongly that the wealthy should use their fortunes for the benefit of society. He opposed charity, preferring instead to provide
educational opportunities that would allow others to help themselves. "He who dies rich, dies disgraced, " he often said.Among his more noteworthy contributions to society are those that bear his name, including the Carnegie Institute of Pittsburgh, which has a library, a museum of fine arts, and a museum of national history. He also founded a school of technology that is now part of Carnegie-Mellon University. Other philanthropic gifts are the Carnegie Endowment for International Peace to promote understanding between nations, the Carnegie Institute of Washington to fund scientific research, and Carnegie Hall to provide a center for the arts.
Few Americans have been left untouched by Andrew Carnegie's generosity. His contributions of more than five million dollars established 2,500 libraries in small communities throughout the country and formed the nucleus of the public library system that we all enjoy today.
安德魯?卡內(nèi)基被稱作鋼鐵大王的安德魯?卡內(nèi)基在美國建立了鋼鐵工業(yè)。在這個過程中,他變成了美國最富有的人之一。
他的成功,部分來自于他銷售產(chǎn)品的能力,部分來自于經(jīng)濟(jì)蕭條時期的擴(kuò)充策略。在蕭條時期,他的多數(shù)對手都在縮減投資?▋(nèi)基認(rèn)為個人應(yīng)該通過努力工作來獲得進(jìn)展,但他也強(qiáng)烈地感到有錢人應(yīng)該運(yùn)用他們的財富來為社會謀取福利。 他反對施舍救濟(jì),更愿意提供教育機(jī)會,使別人自立。
卡內(nèi)基經(jīng)常說:"富有著 死去的人死得可恥。"他對社會的較重要的貢獻(xiàn)都以他的名字命名。這些貢獻(xiàn)包括匹茲堡卡內(nèi)基學(xué)校。
這個學(xué)校有一個圖書館,一個美術(shù)館和一個國家歷史博物館;他還創(chuàng)立了一所 技術(shù)學(xué)校,這所學(xué)校現(xiàn)在是卡內(nèi)基梅隆大學(xué)的一部分;其他的慈善捐贈有為促進(jìn)國家間了解的"卡內(nèi)基國際和平基金",為科學(xué)研究提供經(jīng)費(fèi)的華盛頓卡內(nèi)基學(xué)院以及給各種藝術(shù)活動提供活動中心的卡內(nèi)基音樂廳。安德魯?卡內(nèi)基的慷慨大度幾乎影響到每個美國人的生活。由于他超過五百萬美元的捐款,2500個圖書館得以建立起來,遍布在美國各地的小村鎮(zhèn),形成了我們今天還在享用的公共圖書館系統(tǒng)的核心。
>08 American Revolution
The American Revolution was not a revolution in the sense of a radical or total change. It was not a sudden and violent overturning of the political and social framework, such as later occurred in France and Russia, when bothwere already independent nations. Significant changes were ushered in, but they were not breathtaking. What
happened was accelerated evolution rather than outright revolution. During the conflict itself people went on working and praying, marrying and playing. Most of them were not seriously disturbed by the actual fighting, and many of the more isolated communities scarcely knew that a war was on. America's War of Independence heralded the birth of three modern nations. One was Canada, which received its first large influx of English-speaking population from the thousands of loyalists who fled there from the United States. Another was Australia, which became a penal colony now that America was no longer available for prisoners and debtors. The third newcomer -- the United States -- based itself squarely on republican principles.Yet even the political overturn was not so revolutionary as one might suppose. In some states, notably Connecticut and Rhode Island, the war largely ratified a colonial self-rule already existing. British officials, everywhere ousted, were replaced by a home-grown governing class, which promptly sought a local substitute for king and Parliament.
美國革命美國革命其實并不算是一場革命,因為它并未導(dǎo)致完全的和徹底的變化。這次革命并不是對政治和社會框架的一次突然和猛烈的顛覆,象后來在已經(jīng)是獨立國家的法國 和俄國所爆發(fā)的革命那樣。
革命帶來了重大的變化,但并非翻天覆地,所發(fā)生的只是進(jìn)化 的加速,而不是一場徹底的革命;在沖突期間,人們?nèi)匀簧习、做禮拜、結(jié)婚、玩耍。多數(shù)人并沒有受到實際戰(zhàn)斗的嚴(yán)重影響。許多較閉塞的社區(qū)對這場戰(zhàn)爭幾乎一無所知。美國獨立戰(zhàn)爭宣布了三個現(xiàn)代國家的誕生,其中一個是加拿大。
加拿大的第一大批講英語的流 入人口來自于成千上萬英王的效忠者,這些人從美國逃到了加拿大。另一個國家是澳大利亞,因為美國不再是容納罪犯和欠債者的國度了,澳大利亞就變成了一個懲治罪犯的殖民地(注:獨立戰(zhàn)爭前,英國政府將罪犯流放到美國)。第三個國家就是美國,它完全建立在共和原則基礎(chǔ)上。即使政治上的顛覆也不如人們可能想象的那樣具有革命性。在一些州,特別是康涅狄格和羅德島,戰(zhàn)爭基本上只是承認(rèn)了已經(jīng)存在的殖民地的自治。四處被驅(qū)逐的英國官員都被本土的統(tǒng)治階級所替代,這個統(tǒng)治階級迅速地以地方權(quán)力機(jī)關(guān)來替代國王和議會。
>09 Suburbanization
If by "suburb" is meant an urban margin that grows more rapidly than its already developed interior, the process of suburbanization began during the emergence of the industrial city in the second quarter of the nineteenth century. Before that period the city was a small highly compact cluster in which people moved about on foot and goods were conveyed
音樂美文視頻篇三:各種類型的文章(適合朗誦)
《牽你的手,走過》作者:不詳 來源網(wǎng)絡(luò)[推薦]
每一條走過來的路都有它不得不這樣走的理由;每一條要走上去的前途也有它不得不那樣選擇的方向。上蒼一切的安排原本都是有深意的啊。在與你相遇后的每一個時刻里都深深的感悟著。
一切都過的好,深深懷著勃勃之心,一直期待有一個鋒芒畢露的日子,可惜我不能,一直不能!除了蓄勢待發(fā),除了隱忍,我只有默默的努力,總相信明天更是晴朗和美好。
近來的日子想必過的入情入俗罷?切近生活,才會是真的陽光,真的泉水,而不必再去孤芳自賞恃情傲物,惺惺兮對長月了。
怕自己受傷害就遠(yuǎn)離歡樂的人群未免不是因噎廢食,在我們成長完善和發(fā)展自己的人格和情操時,就應(yīng)該有這種準(zhǔn)備——以期獲得一個良好的心理素質(zhì)。其實這一點當(dāng)你在生活觀上具體頓悟了之后,短時期內(nèi)就可以使自己豁達(dá)起來,而不是做作。被拒絕被傷害的事兒在生活中隨時都在發(fā)生。
人生路途中,我們哪有那多的心思去顧及別人無意中的一個白眼兒呢?很早讀過一篇文章,說不管是朋友們背叛了我出賣了我,我一直傲然友善的對待他們云云,我們當(dāng)然不能容忍出賣,這種生活態(tài)度是可取的,笑度我一生,并不是一件很難的事兒。如果一些事情你一時弄不出個結(jié)果來,就任時間拖好了,隨著時間的推移,有些事你就淡漠了,有些事你在積累過程中充實了經(jīng)驗,那時也許回柳暗花明,豈不是更好? 笑也好哭也好只是別忘了趕路,都在生活的跌打中摸索哪有把你放到哪兒你都笑的解藥?一路好風(fēng)光——就在于你是不是欣賞。
雖然我們之間差距很大,但是我們生活在網(wǎng)絡(luò)中,就是刻骨,就是癡熾。而在現(xiàn)實中,也只有可以回憶的馨夢而已,我們理所當(dāng)然的過著自己的生活,心也安,理也得。你曾在我的生命中如此的璀璨過,這就是一個遙遙遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)的童話故事一般,誰,都有做夢的權(quán)利。
我只是盡心中美好的東西——詩意或是年輕或是滄桑,當(dāng)然都是美麗的送給你。當(dāng)我把這份美麗送給別人時,我的心情也蕩漾在美麗里,燦爛而通達(dá)。
晃一晃你的頭,走在大路上真是愜意(真是愜意這個詞了),我好慕這風(fēng)。現(xiàn)在的天氣真給人以美奐絕倫的感覺,想不出一生能多少次擁有如此的佳境,在每一個這樣的季節(jié)握住你一躍而過卻閃爍光亮的詩行,一如發(fā)現(xiàn)你黑亮的眼睛,一如牽住你溫情的雙手,只念叨著相見恨晚,只感覺一見如故。
雖然,我一直想要和你一起,度過這一生的美麗。而現(xiàn)實卻用絕美的理由把這個愿望奪走。
可是我們的相識,就是我的滿足。珍惜眼前的滿足,一個個小小的滿足組合在一起,就是幸福。
歲歲年年相似的花永遠(yuǎn)開在這里。
這是一份心愿,我想,這個世界或許因為人們的心愿才多了很多的顏色的。
《深夜的窗外,我在等待》作者:隨意翩躚[推薦]
深夜的窗外是我在等待。你是不是能輕輕推開你的窗扇,你是不是能感覺到我就佇立在你的窗外?我看到你的身影映在窗簾,我看到你默然的站立在窗前,我不知道你是不是也在思念,也在等待。你讓我相信什么是上帝的安排,你讓我知道什么是情感唯一的等待。什么是愛的極致的表白,和極致的情懷。
如果我等待,你是否會把曾經(jīng)的愛給我?如果我等待你是否會把曾經(jīng)的承諾兌現(xiàn)?如果我等待你是否會再次陪我看落日的余輝染紅西天?如果我等待,你是否會和我一起欣賞冬日的浪漫?如果你能夠陪我把曾經(jīng)的愛情小徑再走一遍,我寧愿在雨中做最虔誠的期盼;如果你能把小溪邊的喃喃細(xì)語再次輕念,我寧愿用一生的思念來換。
如果我等待,我是否能再次牽著你的手,走過那險灘?如果我等待,你是否能把你溫柔的眼神再次投射在我的身邊?如果我等待,你是否再次和我演繹那愛的夢幻?我知道,一切都不可能,一切都太遲了。我即使耗盡一生的眼淚也不可能換來再次和你相牽的瞬間。我即使積攢永世的情感,也不能換來和你再有紅地毯的相挽。
我不再等待,當(dāng)愛消失在昨夜的風(fēng)里的時候,何必再嘆惋情感的消散。不能給你愛的歡欣,就還你愛的自由的空間。不必用往日的情懷,羈絆你愛的腳步,讓你在湛藍(lán)的天空放飛你的心,寧愿讓自己的心被撕成碎片。愛你無怨,念你無悔,想你到永遠(yuǎn)。。。。 你,何時再現(xiàn)?作者:淡香茗煙[推薦]
當(dāng)如煙似霧的往事愈來愈模糊時,伸出的雙手竟握不住任何一把掠過肩頭的柔風(fēng)。
朋友 ,直到今天我才讀懂了你的眼神,才感到自已飛舞的十指仍可奏出親密與溫情的樂曲。
原來,過去不經(jīng)意的日子里其實也有過許多精彩的片斷,只是匆匆的我們沒有細(xì)細(xì)地朗讀過自已的每一個瞬間,沒有觸及其間最敏銳的情節(jié)。朋友,知道嗎?在友情的季節(jié)里,我才憶起那些隨意的過去其實都貼著一份溫馨與期盼,才開始對錯過的故事感到不可追及。
我喜歡把自已淹沒在夜晚深處,細(xì)細(xì)品味這份寂寞,渴望寂寞蔓延,讓那份淡淡的愁緒隨縷縷茶煙緊緊圍繞著自己。茶煙中,周圍也變的暖暖的,泛著一絲莫名的空靈與寂寥,將你小心的收藏,慢慢的咀嚼,任思緒隨意的馳騁.
孤獨是一種美,寂寞是一份緣,我欣賞這種美,珍惜這份緣,我享受在這嘈雜的世界里與你的相逢。。。。。。
朋友,謝謝你行云流水般的文字,蕩滌了我渾濁的思緒,融去了心中一個又一個憂傷的雨季,從此在我的人生中又多了一份如詩的牽掛。
在你文字的光芒里,我感到自已的旅途將從此不再孤單,欣慰宛如一朵朵生動的迎春花,自四面八方徐徐地飛奔而來,飄搖如蝶。
從沒有誰能用最逼真的比喻詮釋緣份,雖然時空隔斷了我們相望的目光,可那因思念而牽掛你的翅膀即使被風(fēng)雨擊傷被雷電灼痛,也依然不會淡去向你傳播的心聲。因為只有在你我友情的氛圍里,我的日子才是最豐盈充實的;只有在這種境界深處,我才能以最自然的姿態(tài)唱出自已青春的歌謠。
朋友,你飄去的身影,何時再現(xiàn),你的聲音,何時繞耳?寂寥的我唯有與身邊的一圈寧靜久久地對峙。。。。。。
一杯淡茶,一口香茗,一支樂曲。。。。。
《祝福在每一個清晨和夜晚》作者:黑發(fā)[原創(chuàng)]
珍惜生命中的每一份緣,我想并不是所有的回首,都會有人在燈火闌柵處等待,但我相信每一次的聚首,都是攜著千年的愛而來!遠(yuǎn)方因為有夢才更讓人牽掛啊------------親愛的,從昨晚起,我突然有了一種想見到你的沖動,此時比任何時刻都要牽掛著你,真的好想你!我知道我這樣子說會把你嚇跑的,親愛的,我還是想說,網(wǎng)絡(luò)真好,認(rèn)識你真好!雖然那種感覺非常的特別,可是一種情緣深深地縈繞心懷,于我久久地不能釋懷!
正如你所言,我現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)不是你剛剛認(rèn)識的我了。我知道我們在一起,我能擁有什么;我更知道于你而言,我也僅僅是個朋友,甚至于僅僅是個聊友罷了,也許我這樣講你要生氣,可是這卻是這一段時間以來你給予我的真實的感受啊。
我還清晰地記得我們第一次在聊天室里的相識,我還記得那天晚上你對我講的每一句話語以及我自己對您說的故事,還有深夜里回旋在夜空中的淚滴,我競?cè)徊恢肋@將會是怎樣地?zé)o意中傷害了你?現(xiàn)在想想我是一個多么愚蠢的女人哪,等我發(fā)覺這一切的時候都已經(jīng)太遲了。
我還記得我想用另外的一種形式去彌補(bǔ)給您造成的傷害,我甚至害怕聽到您那低低的嘶啞而悲傷的聲音出現(xiàn)在聊天室里,每當(dāng)這種哀傷的朗誦聲出現(xiàn)時,我的感覺好痛好痛,仿佛心都碎了,我除了默默無言我還能做些什么呢,可這一切您都知道嗎?后來,慢慢地不知道是從什么時候開始的,你變了我也變了,我們變得已經(jīng)不是從前的自己了,我們都小心翼翼地去說話去聊天,我們是那樣的不真實,那樣的累,我突然明白這就是那種叫距離的東西在你我的面前出現(xiàn)了呀,
一個時期以來,我以為我不會上網(wǎng)了,至少不想再上uc聊天室了,可是一件事改變了我的看法,我想任何一種事物都有它存在的理由,比方認(rèn)識你就是一種機(jī)緣,是上蒼送給我的最好最重的禮物啊!戒網(wǎng)莫如戒心,我相信:只要我們能理智一些,再現(xiàn)實一點,我們會成為最好的紅顏知已的,不是嗎?
曾經(jīng)以為再看到你時,會不知道如何面對,可是看到你上線下線心里突然就溢滿了濃濃的祝福,那種內(nèi)心深處的絲絲牽掛競讓我有了一種幸福的感覺,每天看你在線很晚就想對您說:早點休息吧,可我不敢說也有點不想說,我想您不想下線自然有不下線的緣由,又豈是我所能左右的了的呢?
奉獻(xiàn)一顆祝福的心,在今天這個感覺特別的日子里,愿幸福、如意、快樂、鮮花-----一切美好的祝愿與你同在,親愛的,還是讓我?guī)е南嗨、帶著溫馨的祈愿,祝福在每一個清晨和夜晚吧,我相信你一定也會有所感知的!
[轉(zhuǎn)帖]今夜無眠,淡淡的思念
作者/站在你的邊緣
今夜,雪白的燈光下,我獨自一人涂抹心情。從什么時候開始這樣,已經(jīng)不記
得了。
或許業(yè)已形成是習(xí)慣了吧。多少個夜里,我像一只野貓,眼睛在黑夜里閃著尋覓而迷離的光芒。
窗外很靜,很黑,沒有風(fēng)吹過。高大的樹木留下隱約的影子。偶爾有不知名的蟲子在吵嚷。
這樣的時候,我常常會望著手里的鋼筆發(fā)呆,很久很久。
我知道,我在想你。我也知道,這個時候,你不會在想我。
我以為可惡的時間會讓我忘了你,結(jié)果我居然做不到。多么可悲。
在那個遠(yuǎn)離城市喧囂的日子里,你不知道,我多么希望能夠從你那里收獲一份屬于你的寧靜,一顆心,在不經(jīng)意之間,就充滿了對你的思念。在這個楓葉如血的冬季。
那時候還是冬季,我是記得的。那時候,窗外的風(fēng)還很凜冽,窗外依舊有著高高的不知名的樹木,在陽臺對面的黑夜之中,搖晃。搖晃。于是整個的夜便變得寒冷起來。
可是,那時候我并不覺得冷,真的。因為有你在我身邊。
那時候,你坐在我身邊,你靜靜地看著我,似乎想把我裝進(jìn)你的眼眸。你還說,冬天過了的時候,你會帶我去看爛漫的春花。我說,好啊好啊。
于是我一直等。可是我卻不知道什么叫做真正的春花。因為我沒有看到。 事實上,你已經(jīng)沒有這個心思,或者純粹是忘記了。
是否人真的是極其脆弱的動物,經(jīng)受不起一點點季節(jié)無常的更替?我開始寫很多酸溜溜的詩句,掩蓋自己的心情,也掩蓋著你的躲閃和淡然。
那時候,我想,如果我能夠變成某種能夠冬眠的動物,那該多好,那樣我就能一直靜靜地享受你給的溫暖了,就能夠讓你靜靜地,把我看個夠。
那個時候,我還不知道自己是喜歡你多一點,還是愛多一點。又或者這什么都不是。
如此而已,我們簡簡單單的開心和快樂。
如果那樣,那些來自心靈深處的東西,是否就此沉淀下來,銘記在我永遠(yuǎn)的心里?
那時候,我以為我們一直能夠那樣開心和快樂?墒,我錯了。
徹徹底底。我不知道我為什么會輸給另外的一個女孩。
那個女孩我沒有見過,事實上我沒有必要去見了,況且我也不想去見,沒有勇氣去見。
我只知道,也相信,你和她在一起,或許會比和我在一起快樂。因為我看到你臉上掛著她給你的太多的快樂。
是這樣的,我身邊的朋友告訴了關(guān)于你的一切,還說,那個女孩是你愛了8年,也等了8年的女孩。你不能夠沒有她。
我撕了你給我的信,但是我永遠(yuǎn)記得信里的字。你說,你對不起我,你說,原諒我不能夠給你一個完滿的答復(fù),不能夠給我一個完滿的記憶。
哦。原來你只想給我一個完滿的記憶,而我充其量不過是你生命中的過往。不值一談。是吧?墒悄阒绬?你的演技真的很差。
是否路一開始錯,結(jié)果還是錯?我終于學(xué)會忍住快要滑落的淚水。
是忘記你的時候了。我也將要把你深深掩埋,在我的心中。雖然我可以猜想得到,你的心里也一定不好受?墒沁@又如何?
這事過去應(yīng)該很久了吧,以至于某些時候,我想起你時,我居然記不起你的臉龐了。就像那個80后的作家說的一樣,天哪,怎么辦,我記不起你的樣子了! 我是想不起你具體的樣子了?墒牵瑸槭裁疵慨(dāng)想你的時候,我的心還是會痛?為什么啊。
我知道是我太貪心,太自我,才會失去你。那些不屬于我的東西我會去拼命追求,會試圖去擁有,雖然結(jié)果會弄得遍體鱗傷很難看。終于,我不必要的多情,換回了不必要的麻煩。
我傻笑,在陽光的照射下還露出大顆大顆的虎牙。我想我會知道怎么去做了。 只是,在這樣的深夜里,我還是會無恥地想,如果萬物真的有始有終,如果上蒼真的讓我們深深地愛戀,而又別離,那么,我寧愿不去想所謂的結(jié)局。讓這份簡單的快樂一直住在我的心中好了。
而現(xiàn)在,我只知道,今夜我會無眠,窗外終于有了一絲風(fēng)聲,蟲兒沉沉地睡去了,只有我還醒著,只有淡淡的思念還在醒著。
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