兩種土荊皮習(xí)用藥材提取物體外抗真菌活性研究
發(fā)布時(shí)間:2019-08-27 來源: 感恩親情 點(diǎn)擊:
【摘要】 目的 研究市場(chǎng)兩種習(xí)用土荊皮代用藥材的體外抗真菌活性,為土荊皮的習(xí)用藥材(水翁皮與余甘子皮)的藥理應(yīng)用提供依據(jù)。方法 采用藥基瓊脂稀釋法,研究水翁皮與余甘子皮的提取物對(duì)11株淺表性皮膚癬菌的最小抑菌濃度(MIC)和最低殺菌濃度(MFC)。結(jié)果 土荊皮的提取物對(duì)武漢須毛癬菌、武漢近平滑癬菌的MIC和MFC 3.13 μl/ml,對(duì)其余9株皮膚癬菌的MIC和MFC 6.25 μl/ml,水翁皮與余甘子皮的提取物對(duì)試驗(yàn)11株皮膚癬菌的MIC和MFC>50 μl/ml, 達(dá)克寧的MIC和MFC<0.78 μl/ml。結(jié)論 土荊皮的兩種習(xí)用藥材水翁皮與余甘子皮體外對(duì)11株皮膚癬菌未顯示出抗真菌活性。?
【關(guān)鍵詞】
土荊皮;水翁皮;余甘子皮;抗真菌活性;體外
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Study on antifungal activity of cortex pseudolarici?s alternative medicine in vitro
GUI Shu-hua, FU Tao, WANG Jie,et al.
New Drug R&D Dept. in Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510006,China
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【Abstract】 Objective To study the antifungal activity of extracts from Bark of Cleistocalyx operculateand Phyllanthus emblica L. in vitro for their application of medicinal pharmacology. Methods The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and the minimum concentration (MFC) of extracts from Bark of Cleistocalyx operculateand Phyllanthus emblica L. against 11 strains dermatophytes were determined by media dilution method. Results Apart from Trichonphyton mentagrophyton (Wuhan strain) and Candida parapsilosis (Wuhan strain) (MIC=3.13μl/ml), MIC of Cortex Pseudolarici extract against other strains were 6.25μl/ml, MFC value were similar to its MIC. All the strains were not susceptible to extracts from Bark of Cleistocalyx operculateand Phyllanthus emblica L, their MIC>50 μl/ml, miconazole nitrate?s MIC and MFC<0.78 μl/ml. Conclusion Bark of Cleistocalyx operculate and Phyllanthus emblica L. have no antifungal activity against 11 strains dermatophytes.?
【Key words】
Cortex Pseudolarici; Cleistocalyx operculate; Phyllanthus emblica L;Antifungal activity; In vitro
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土荊皮來源于松科植物金錢松(Pseudolarix kaempferi Gord)的干燥根皮和近根樹皮。最早見于清代趙學(xué)敏所著《本草綱目拾遺》, 性辛、溫、有毒、止癢殺蟲, 用于治療癬癥。經(jīng)研究發(fā)現(xiàn), 其含有二萜類、三萜類、三萜內(nèi)酯及甾醇類等成份,F(xiàn)代藥理實(shí)驗(yàn)表明其具有抗真菌、抗腫瘤、抗生育、使膽囊自截等作用[1]。?
金錢松為我國(guó)二級(jí)保護(hù)植物,資源難求,在臨床上用藥治療有一定的困難,因此水翁皮與余甘子皮常作為土荊皮的替代品在臨床上使用。但對(duì)于水翁皮和余甘子皮是否真正具有抗真菌活性尚缺乏實(shí)驗(yàn)研究報(bào)道。本課題擬對(duì)作為“土荊皮”入藥的習(xí)用替代藥材水翁皮與余甘子皮進(jìn)行抗真菌活性篩選研究,為水翁皮與余甘子皮的臨床應(yīng)用提供依據(jù)。?
1 資料與方法?
1.1 儀器 Spx-150B生化培養(yǎng)箱(上海康華生化儀器廠),EYELA型旋轉(zhuǎn)蒸發(fā)儀,水浴鍋,高壓滅菌鍋,蛇形冷凝管,打粉機(jī),小研缽,一次性試管,三角燒瓶,蒸發(fā)皿,移液管 1、2、10 ml各若干。?
1.2 實(shí)驗(yàn)藥物與試劑 沙氏瓊脂培養(yǎng)基(批號(hào)200903023);達(dá)克寧,購(gòu)自廣東市藥檢所,批號(hào):20080301;藥材1購(gòu)于廣州杏園春大藥房,經(jīng)廣州中醫(yī)藥大學(xué)中藥鑒定教研室吳文如講師鑒定為桃金娘科植物水翁(Cleistocalyx operculatus (Roxb.) Merr. Et Perry)的樹皮水翁皮;藥材2購(gòu)于廣州致信藥業(yè),經(jīng)鑒定為桃金娘科植物水翁(Cleistocalyx operculatus (Roxb.) Merr. Et Perry)的樹皮水翁皮藥材;藥材3購(gòu)于云南菊花村藥材市場(chǎng),經(jīng)鑒定為大戟科葉下珠屬植物余甘子(Phyllanthus emblica L.)的樹皮余甘子皮。藥材4采于四川五塊石藥材市場(chǎng),經(jīng)鑒定為松科植物金錢松(Pseudolarix kaempferi Gord)的干燥樹皮。?
1.3 實(shí)驗(yàn)菌種 11株菌種,由上海華山醫(yī)院皮膚科真菌室以及武漢同濟(jì)醫(yī)科大學(xué)醫(yī)學(xué)真菌室提供。上海株:斷發(fā)毛癬菌、絮狀表皮癬菌、羊毛狀小孢子菌,武漢株:須毛癬菌、猴毛毛癬菌、黑青毛癬菌、白色念珠菌32035、白色念珠菌38253、犬狀小孢子菌、近平滑念珠菌、無色紅毛毛癬菌。?
2 方法與結(jié)果?
2.1 實(shí)驗(yàn)樣品制備 分別取土荊皮、水翁皮和余甘子皮藥材粗粉各約50 g,分別加70%乙醇回流提取2次,第一次加入10倍量體積的乙醇,第一次加入8倍量體積的乙醇,1.5 h/次。過濾,洗滌藥渣后,合并提取液,用旋轉(zhuǎn)蒸發(fā)儀回收至無醇味,水液回收至少量,轉(zhuǎn)移至蒸發(fā)皿,水浴蒸干,并置于60℃烘箱中烘干得浸膏。用打粉機(jī)將浸膏粉碎,過100目篩,得實(shí)驗(yàn)粉末。?
2.2 含藥培養(yǎng)基的制備(試管藥基法)
稱取沙氏瓊脂培養(yǎng)基39 g,加入600 ml蒸餾水使充分溶解后,置高壓滅菌鍋中115℃滅菌15 min,備用。稱取樣品各2.2 g,加入44 ml滅菌培養(yǎng)液,即得5%濃度的樣品,分裝2 ml至試管并置斜面。依次稀釋至濃度2.5%, 1.25%,0.625%, 0.313%l, 0.152%, 0.076%濃度,同法置斜面。?
2.3 菌液制備 將沙氏培養(yǎng)基斜面上25℃孵育2周的菌種,用接種鉤挑取適量菌落放入消毒乳缽中,加入1 ml生理鹽水,研磨成真菌混懸液,再在血細(xì)胞計(jì)數(shù)板上用生理鹽水調(diào)整菌液濃度到1×105~106/ml。?
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